In international trade, when disputes arise between exporter and importer, it can be settled through friendly consultation, litigation or arbitration. Friendly negoti ation or mediation is the best method of all and beneficial to both parties. The majority of the disputes are settled by this way and friendly business relations are thus maintained between exporters and importers. If the disputes cannot be settied through amicable negotiation or mediation, arbitration will be the next best alternative, as litigation is usually costly and time-consuming.

　　在國(guó)際貿(mào)易中，當(dāng)進(jìn)出口雙方發(fā)生爭(zhēng)議時(shí),可通過(guò)友好協(xié)商、訴訟、或仲裁等方法解決。友好協(xié)商或調(diào)解是對(duì)雙方有益的最好的辦法。大多數(shù)的爭(zhēng)議都通過(guò)協(xié)商來(lái)解決，這樣可使進(jìn)出口雙方的良好業(yè)務(wù)關(guān)系得以維持。若爭(zhēng)議不能通過(guò)友好協(xié)商或調(diào)停來(lái)解決，仲裁便是第二個(gè)最佳選擇，因?yàn)橥ǔＴV訟費(fèi)用很高而且耗時(shí)。

　　1. Cash In Advance 預(yù)付貨款

n　　Cash in advance means that the exporter is paid either when the importer places

n　　his order or when the goods are ready for shipment. Cash with order or cash pay-

n　　ment before shipment is the exporter' s dream, but it rarely occurs, although in

n　　certain circumstances it is wise and even customary to ask for it. This state of affairs may be only likely in a seller' s market as it is naturally very unpopular in the eyes of importers.

　　預(yù)付貨款意味著出口方在進(jìn)口方訂貨時(shí)或貨物備妥待運(yùn)時(shí)獲得款項(xiàng)。隨訂單付款或發(fā)貨前付款對(duì)于出口方來(lái)說(shuō)為最理想的支付方式，但在國(guó)際貿(mào)易中很少見，不過(guò)在某些情形下要求預(yù)付貨款是明智的而且是慣用的做法。預(yù)付貨款一般只適用于賣方市場(chǎng)，因?yàn)楹茏匀辉谶M(jìn)口方的眼里這種方式是不受歡迎的。

n　　Nevertheless, it may be essential to ask for at least part of the purchase price with the order or before shipment in cases where orders are from politically unstablecountries or financially unstable customers, or where goods are specifically custommade for a new customer who has no long-term 'good faith' relationship with you, or where the exporter may be locking up considerable capital in the preparation u2026u2026