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本書(shū)收錄了對(duì)外經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué)英語(yǔ)學(xué)院“357英語(yǔ)翻譯基礎(chǔ)”歷年考研真題（具體參見(jiàn)本書(shū)目錄），且所有真題均提供參考答案，備考價(jià)值尤為珍貴！

弘博學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng)————各類考試資料全收錄




2010年對(duì)外經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué)英語(yǔ)學(xué)院357英語(yǔ)翻譯基礎(chǔ)考研真題及詳解

Part Ⅰ Terminology and Phrase Translation (30%)

Section One: Translate the following terms into Chinese (10 points).

1. dynamic equivalence

【答案】動(dòng)態(tài)對(duì)等查看答案




2. miss the boat

【答案】坐失良機(jī)查看答案




3. spill the beans

【答案】泄漏秘密查看答案




4. semiotic dimension

【答案】符號(hào)學(xué)層次查看答案




5. postscript

【答案】附錄，后記查看答案




6. outsourcing

【答案】外包查看答案




7. transliteration

【答案】音譯查看答案




8. tit for tat

【答案】以牙還牙查看答案




9. black sheep

【答案】害群之馬查看答案




10. over-translation

【答案】過(guò)度翻譯查看答案




Section Two: Translate following terms into English (10 points).

1. 電子商務(wù)

【答案】electronic commerce查看答案




2. 對(duì)沖基金

【答案】hedge funds查看答案




3. 次貸危機(jī)

【答案】subprime crisis查看答案




4. 山寨手機(jī)

【答案】emulational mobile phone查看答案




5. 暗箱操作

【答案】black case work查看答案




6. 本末倒置

【答案】put the cart before the horse查看答案




7. 破釜沉舟

【答案】burn one’s bridges查看答案




8. 網(wǎng)戀

【答案】online love affair查看答案




9. 科學(xué)發(fā)展觀

【答案】Scientific Outlook on Development查看答案




10. 和諧社會(huì)

【答案】a harmonious society查看答案




Section Three：Give full forms of the following acronyms and translate them into Chinese (10 points).

1. MOU

【答案】Memorandum of Understanding諒解備忘錄查看答案




2. GDP

【答案】Gross Domestic Product國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值查看答案




3. POW

【答案】prisoner of war戰(zhàn)俘查看答案




4. CPU

【答案】Central Processing Unit中央處理器查看答案




5. LC

【答案】Library of Congress (美國(guó))國(guó)會(huì)圖書(shū)館查看答案




6. NGO

【答案】Non-Government Organization非政府組織查看答案




7. BBS

【答案】Bulletin Board System電子公告板查看答案




8. LCD

【答案】Liquid Crystal Display液晶顯示器查看答案




9. WHO

【答案】World Health Organization (聯(lián)合國(guó))世界衛(wèi)生組織查看答案




10. EAP

【答案】Employee Assistance Program員工幫助計(jì)劃查看答案

Part Ⅱ Passage Translation (120%)

Section One: Translate following English passages into Chinese (60 points).




Globalization is under strain as never before. Everywhere its stresses rumble. Most of sub-Saharan Africa, South America, the Middle East, and Central Asia are mired in stagnation or economic decline. North America, Western Europe, and Japan are bogged down in slow growth and risk renewed recession. War now beckons in Iraq.

For advocates of open markets and free trade this experience poses major challenges. Why is globalization so at risk? Why are its benefits seemingly concentrated in a few locations? Can a more balanced globalization be achieved?

No easy answers to these questions exist. Open markets are necessary for economic growth, but they are hardly sufficient. Some regions of the world have done extremely well from globalization—notably East Asia and China in recent years. Yet some regions have done miserably, especially sub-Saharan Africa.

The truth is that economic performance is determined not only by governance standards, but by geopolitics, geography, and economic structure. Countries with large populations, and hence large internal markets, tend to grow more rapidly than countries with small populations.

Coastal countries tend to outperform landlocked countries. Countries with high levels of malaria tend to endure slower growth than countries with lower levels of malaria. Developing countries that neighbor rich markets, such as Mexico, tend to outperform countries far away from major markets.

These differences matter. If rich countries don’t pay heed to such structural issues, we will find that the gaps between the world’s winners and losers will continue to widen. If rich countries blame unlucky countries—claiming that they are somehow culturally or politically unfit to benefit from globalization—we will create not only deeper pockets of poverty but also deepening unrest. This, in turn, will result in increasing levels of violence, backlash, and yes, terrorism.

【參考譯文】

全球化正在經(jīng)受前所未有的壓力。這種壓力在世界各地轟轟烈烈地持續(xù)著。大部分撒哈拉以南的非洲地區(qū)，南美，中東和中亞全都深陷經(jīng)濟(jì)停滯或經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退的泥潭。北美，西歐和日本陷入緩慢增長(zhǎng)的困境，并面臨著新一輪的經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退。而戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)現(xiàn)在正在伊拉克召喚著。

對(duì)于那些開(kāi)放市場(chǎng)和自由貿(mào)易的倡導(dǎo)者來(lái)說(shuō)，這鐘經(jīng)歷提出了重大的挑戰(zhàn)。為何全球化風(fēng)險(xiǎn)這樣大？為何它的利益似乎只集中在少數(shù)幾個(gè)地方？更加平衡的全球化能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)嗎？

對(duì)這些問(wèn)題，并沒(méi)有簡(jiǎn)單的答案。開(kāi)放的市場(chǎng)對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)來(lái)說(shuō)是必要的，但卻很難說(shuō)是充分的。世界上有些地區(qū)，特別是東亞和中國(guó)，近些年來(lái)從全球化中獲益匪淺，而有的地區(qū)則遭遇困境，尤其是撒哈拉以南的非洲。

事實(shí)是，經(jīng)濟(jì)表現(xiàn)不僅取決于管理的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，還取決于地緣政治，地理位置和經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)。人口眾多的國(guó)家擁有巨大的內(nèi)部市場(chǎng)，往往比人口較少的國(guó)家發(fā)展速度快。

沿海國(guó)家的表現(xiàn)往往優(yōu)于內(nèi)陸國(guó)家；瘧疾肆虐的國(guó)家發(fā)展速度慢于瘧疾罕見(jiàn)的國(guó)家；毗鄰富裕市場(chǎng)的發(fā)展中國(guó)家，比如墨西哥，則遙遙領(lǐng)先于遠(yuǎn)離主要市場(chǎng)的國(guó)家。

這些差異非常重要。如果富國(guó)不留意這種結(jié)構(gòu)性的問(wèn)題，我們會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)世界的貧富差距將繼續(xù)增大。如果富國(guó)責(zé)怪這些運(yùn)氣不好的國(guó)家——聲稱他們不知為何在文化或政治上不適宜從全球化中受益——我們將不僅制造更深層次的貧困，還將加劇動(dòng)蕩不安，繼而導(dǎo)致日趨嚴(yán)重的暴力，反擊，以及恐怖主義。




Section Two: Translate the following Chinese passage into English (60 points).




近年來(lái)，許多中國(guó)出口廠商受到了金融危機(jī)的沖擊，我們必須采取有效措施來(lái)對(duì)付這種出口低迷的局面，全方位地開(kāi)拓國(guó)際市場(chǎng)。俗話說(shuō)：“不能在一棵樹(shù)上吊死?！痹谶x擇新市場(chǎng)時(shí)要權(quán)衡其風(fēng)險(xiǎn)與機(jī)會(huì)，并且要反映迅速；要隨時(shí)跟蹤市場(chǎng)變化情況，以便選擇有利時(shí)機(jī)和地點(diǎn)抓緊出口。只有那些富有活力、洞察力和應(yīng)變力的企業(yè)才能在市場(chǎng)景氣時(shí)大顯身手，而在市場(chǎng)蕭條時(shí)也能站穩(wěn)腳跟。當(dāng)某些市場(chǎng)疲軟時(shí)，總還有另一些市場(chǎng)堅(jiān)挺，所以能夠做到“東方不亮西方亮”。

出口商品必須有一流的品質(zhì)、款式和包裝，但行之有效的廣告宣傳和促銷活動(dòng)也很重要，尤其要提高用外語(yǔ)針對(duì)國(guó)外市場(chǎng)進(jìn)行宣傳的能力。赴國(guó)外參展、派人員出國(guó)推銷、在國(guó)外建立生產(chǎn)或銷售點(diǎn)等等，一定要講求實(shí)效。

【參考譯文】

In recent years, many Chinese exporters are adversely affected by the financial crisis. We must take effective measures to deal with this export slump, and to develop international markets in all directions. Just as the saying goes, “do not hang in one tree”, while choosing the new markets, we have to weigh the risks and opportunities and to react rapidly; we also need to keep track of the changes in market in order to select favorable time and place to export. Only those enterprises full of vitality, insight and resilience could flourish in the market and survive even in the depressed market. When some of the markets are weak, there are always other markets that are strong, thus we are able to find another door when one door shuts.

Exports must have first-class quality, style and packaging, but effective advertising and promotional activities are also important, especially the promotion by foreign languages targeted at foreign markets, which demands us to improve our language ability. Also, we must be practical and effective while participating in trade fairs abroad, sending staff abroad for promotion, and establishing factories or sales outlets abroad, etc.

弘博學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng)————各類考試資料全收錄

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完整資料來(lái)源：弘博學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng)